Definition
Grouping machines or processes that are linked in operating sequence into a layout pattern that supports flow production.
In detail
Cellularization is the physical layout of sequentially connected machines or processes in a pattern that supports continuous flow, forming production cells. It addresses the problems of long material handling distances, high work-in-process inventory, and long production lead times associated with traditional functional layouts. Unlike assembly lines, cellularization is more flexible, suitable for high-mix, low-volume production, and typically uses U-shaped layouts to facilitate one-person-multiple-machine operation. Its outputs are re-laid-out production cells, along with improved flow efficiency and reduced inventory.
Example in practice
A machining factory originally placed lathes, milling machines, and drilling machines in separate areas, requiring parts to be transported back and forth between areas, leading to long waiting times. Later, they organized equipment into U-shaped cells by product family, allowing one operator to sequentially operate three machines, with parts flowing continuously within the cell. After the change, transportation distances shortened, work-in-process inventory decreased, production lead time dropped from days to hours, and operators could identify problems faster.