Definition
First layer of the operational entity: things that persist in reality and on which events occur — projects, plants, value streams, production lines, stations, equipment, parts, standard work, people, and external organizations, ten types in total. Not DBS training content.
In detail
Subjects are registered on the object page, with attributes (name, number, status, meta) and a parent (Factory → Value Stream → Line → Workstation → Equipment is a tree). Roles are not subtypes of people; suppliers are not subtypes of external organizations—classification lives on relations. Visibility scope drills down the subject tree.
Example in practice
An administrator creates "Plant 1" on the object page, then "Final Assembly Value Stream" under it, then attaches "Line 1"; lines auto-created by line_id when importing board daily values are also subjects. Assigning "Plant 1" to a read-only account lets it see all judgments and work orders under all lines, stations, and equipment in Plant 1.